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不锈钢焊接气孔是怎样产生?如何避免?

日期:2024-04-25 08:13
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摘要:<p align="left" style="margin:0pt;"> <p align="left" style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;mso-fareast-font-family:宋體(tǐ);"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">不锈钢焊接气孔是怎样产生?如何避免?</span></span> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;mso-fareast-font-family:宋體(tǐ);"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">一、气孔的影响因素</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">1<span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">、</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">氩气流量:氩气流量过小(xiǎo)</span>, <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">抗风干扰能(néng)力弱 </span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">; </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">过大</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">气體(tǐ)流速太大</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">经过喷嘴时形成的近壁层流很(hěn)薄</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">气體(tǐ)喷出后</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">很(hěn)快紊乱</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">而且容易把空气卷人</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">对熔池的保护效果变差。所以</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">氩气的流量一 定要合适</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">气流才能(néng)稳定</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">2<span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">、</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">氩气不纯:</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">焊接碳钢时氩气的纯度不低于</span> 99.7 %, <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">焊接铝时不 低于 </span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">99.9 %, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">而焊接钛和钛合金用(yòng)的氩气纯度高达</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">99.99%</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">检测氩气纯度方法</span>:</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">在打磨干净的钢板或管子上不加焊丝进行焊接</span>, <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">然后在焊道上多(duō)次重熔</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">如果有(yǒu)气孔</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">则说明氩气不纯;焊接时</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">電(diàn)弧周围有(yǒu)非常小(xiǎo)的火星也说明氩气不纯;有(yǒu)时当氩气的纯度接近焊接要求的纯度要求时</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">用(yòng)上述</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">2</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">种检测方法并不能(néng)检验出来</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">但是在焊接有(yǒu)间隙的焊口时</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">就会在焊缝的根部产生断续的气孔</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">或者在盖面焊时产生表面气孔</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">或焊道表面有(yǒu)一层氧化皮;在镍板上点焊数点</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">焊点呈银白色</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">表面如镜面</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">则说明氩气纯度合格。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">焊枪喷嘴的影响:喷嘴直径过小(xiǎo)</span>, <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">当電(diàn)弧周围的氩气有(yǒu)效保护范围小(xiǎo)于熔池面积时</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">就会造成保护不好而产生气孔。尤其是野外作业、焊接大管子时要用(yòng)较大直径的喷嘴</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">以有(yǒu)效地保护電(diàn)弧和熔池。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">气带漏气:</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">气带接口或者气带漏气都会造成焊接时气體(tǐ)流量过小(xiǎo),空气被吸人气带内</span>, <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">从而造成保护效果不好。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">5<span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">、</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">风的影响:</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">风稍大</span>, <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">会使氩气保护层形成紊流</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">从而造成保护效果不佳。因此</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">风速</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">&gt; 2m/s</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">时要采取防风措施 </span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">;</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">焊接管子时</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">要把管口堵住</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">避 免在管内形成穿堂风。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">6<span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">、</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">焊枪喷嘴与工件间的距离:</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">该距离小(xiǎo)</span>, <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">对侧风的影 响敏感度小(xiǎo) </span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">; </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">该距离大</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">抗风干扰 的能(néng)力弱。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">7<span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">、</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">气瓶内压力太小(xiǎo):</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">气瓶内的压力小(xiǎo)于</span>1MPa <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">时要停用(yòng)。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">8</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">、</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">焊枪角度过大:</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">焊枪的角度过大</span>,<span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">一方面会把空气带人熔池</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">另一方面造成長(cháng)弧侧的氩气流对電(diàn)弧 和熔池的保护效果变差。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">9</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">、</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">操作的影响:在用(yòng)带控制按钮</span> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">的氢弧焊焊枪时</span>, <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">在焊前要先放气</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">以免气带内的压 力过大</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">在引弧 时造成出气流量瞬间过大</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">产生 气孔。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">10</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">、</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">氢气流量表的影响:</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">流量表出气不稳定</span>, <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">忽大忽小(xiǎo)都会影响保护效果。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">11 </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">、</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">焊枪配件不合适:</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">钨极夹不配套</span>, <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">堵塞气路不流畅</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">保护气體(tǐ)从喷嘴内的一侧流出</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">不能(néng)形成完整的保护圈。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;mso-fareast-font-family:宋體(tǐ);"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">二、焊接材料的影响</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">1</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">、</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">焊丝不干净,焊丝表面有(yǒu)铁锈、油污、水将直接促使焊缝内产生大量的气孔。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">2</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">、</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">焊丝型号的影响不能(néng)用(yòng)埋弧焊焊丝代替手工钨极氢弧焊焊丝</span>,<span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">否则会产生断续或者连续状的气孔。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;mso-fareast-font-family:宋體(tǐ);"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">三、母材材质的影响</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">1.</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">、</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">板材或管材质量的影响:</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">板材或管材中若有(yǒu)夹层</span>, <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">夹层中的杂质会促使气孔缺陷的产生。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">2 </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">、</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">钢种的影响:</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">沸腾钢</span> ( <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">氧含量 大、杂质多(duō) </span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">) </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">不能(néng)用(yòng)氩弧焊焊接。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;mso-fareast-font-family:宋體(tǐ);"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">四、</span></span><span style="font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;mso-fareast-font-family:宋體(tǐ);"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">钨极</span></span><span style="font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;mso-fareast-font-family:宋體(tǐ);"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">的影响</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">1</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">、</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">钨极端部的影响钨极端部不尖</span>,<span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">電(diàn)弧漂移不稳定</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">破坏氩气的保护區(qū)</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">使熔池金属氧化产生气孔。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">2 </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">、</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">引弧时電(diàn)弧上爬造成保护不好</span> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">当用(yòng)高频引弧的设备时</span>, <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">刚引弧时钨极端部温度低</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">不具备足够的热发射電(diàn)子能(néng)力</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">電(diàn)子容易从有(yǒu)氧化膜的地方发射</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">沿電(diàn)极上爬寻找有(yǒu)氧化物(wù)的地方发射</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">此 时造成電(diàn)弧拉長(cháng)</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">氩气对熔池的保护效果变差</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">当钨极的温度上升后</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">電(diàn)子便从 钨极的前端发射</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">電(diàn)弧弧長(cháng)相应变短。这时只要把钨极表面上氧化物(wù)打磨干净就可(kě)以排除。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);"><span style="font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;mso-fareast-font-family:宋體(tǐ);"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">五、</span></span><span style="font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;mso-fareast-font-family:宋體(tǐ);"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">焊接工艺</span></span><span style="font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;mso-fareast-font-family:宋體(tǐ);"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">的影响</span></span></span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">1 </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">、</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">坡口清理(lǐ)坡口面以及坡口两侧各</span>10mm <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">范围都要打磨干净</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">避免焊接时電(diàn)弧产生的磁性把熔池附近的铁锈吸入熔池。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">2</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">、</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">焊接電(diàn)流的影响焊接電(diàn)流太小(xiǎo)</span>, <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">電(diàn)弧不稳定</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">電(diàn)弧在钨极的端部不规则地漂移</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">破坏保护區(qū)。焊接電(diàn)流太大</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">電(diàn)弧对气流产生扰乱作用(yòng)</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">保护效果变差。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">3</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">、</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">焊接速度的影响焊接速度过快</span>, <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">由于空气阻力对保护气流 的影响</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">氩气气流会弯曲</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">偏离電(diàn)极中心和熔池</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">对熔池和電(diàn)弧保护不好。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">4</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">、</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">熄弧弧方法的影响熄弧时采用(yòng)衰减電(diàn)流或加焊丝、把電(diàn)弧带到坡口侧并压低電(diàn)弧的熄弧方法</span>,<span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">不 要突然停弧造成高温的熔池脱离氩气流的有(yǒu)效保护</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">避免弧坑出现气孔或缩孔。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">5 </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">、</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">钨极伸出長(cháng)的影响钨极伸出長(cháng)太長(cháng)</span>, <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">氢气对電(diàn)弧和熔池的保护效果变差。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">引起手工钨极氩弧焊焊接时产生气孔的因素固然较多(duō)</span>, <span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">但是</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">只要了解了氩弧焊的特点</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">并根据实际情况逐一排查影响因素</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">排除所有(yǒu)引起氩弧焊时焊缝产生气孔的因素</span><span style="font-family:Calibri;">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體(tǐ);">就能(néng)够在实际生产中提高焊接质量。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;mso-fareast-font-family:宋體(tǐ);">&nbsp;</span> </p> <p align="left" style="margin:0pt;"> <br /> </p> </span> </p> </p> <p align="left" style="margin:0pt;"> <br /> </p>

不锈钢焊接气孔是怎样产生?如何避免?

一、气孔的影响因素

1氩气流量:氩气流量过小(xiǎo), 抗风干扰能(néng)力弱 ; 过大,气體(tǐ)流速太大,经过喷嘴时形成的近壁层流很(hěn)薄,气體(tǐ)喷出后, 很(hěn)快紊乱,而且容易把空气卷人, 对熔池的保护效果变差。所以,氩气的流量一 定要合适,气流才能(néng)稳定

2氩气不纯:焊接碳钢时氩气的纯度不低于 99.7 %, 焊接铝时不 低于 99.9 %, 而焊接钛和钛合金用(yòng)的氩气纯度高达99.99%

检测氩气纯度方法:在打磨干净的钢板或管子上不加焊丝进行焊接, 然后在焊道上多(duō)次重熔, 如果有(yǒu)气孔, 则说明氩气不纯;焊接时, 電(diàn)弧周围有(yǒu)非常小(xiǎo)的火星也说明氩气不纯;有(yǒu)时当氩气的纯度接近焊接要求的纯度要求时, 用(yòng)上述2种检测方法并不能(néng)检验出来,但是在焊接有(yǒu)间隙的焊口时, 就会在焊缝的根部产生断续的气孔, 或者在盖面焊时产生表面气孔, 或焊道表面有(yǒu)一层氧化皮;在镍板上点焊数点, 焊点呈银白色, 表面如镜面,则说明氩气纯度合格。

焊枪喷嘴的影响:喷嘴直径过小(xiǎo), 当電(diàn)弧周围的氩气有(yǒu)效保护范围小(xiǎo)于熔池面积时, 就会造成保护不好而产生气孔。尤其是野外作业、焊接大管子时要用(yòng)较大直径的喷嘴,以有(yǒu)效地保护電(diàn)弧和熔池。

气带漏气:气带接口或者气带漏气都会造成焊接时气體(tǐ)流量过小(xiǎo),空气被吸人气带内, 从而造成保护效果不好。

5风的影响:风稍大, 会使氩气保护层形成紊流, 从而造成保护效果不佳。因此, 风速> 2m/s时要采取防风措施 ;焊接管子时,要把管口堵住,避 免在管内形成穿堂风。

6焊枪喷嘴与工件间的距离:该距离小(xiǎo), 对侧风的影 响敏感度小(xiǎo) ; 该距离大,抗风干扰 的能(néng)力弱。

7气瓶内压力太小(xiǎo):气瓶内的压力小(xiǎo)于1MPa 时要停用(yòng)。

8焊枪角度过大:焊枪的角度过大,一方面会把空气带人熔池, 另一方面造成長(cháng)弧侧的氩气流对電(diàn)弧 和熔池的保护效果变差。

9 操作的影响:在用(yòng)带控制按钮 的氢弧焊焊枪时, 在焊前要先放气, 以免气带内的压 力过大, 在引弧 时造成出气流量瞬间过大, 产生 气孔。

10 氢气流量表的影响:流量表出气不稳定, 忽大忽小(xiǎo)都会影响保护效果。

11 焊枪配件不合适:钨极夹不配套, 堵塞气路不流畅, 保护气體(tǐ)从喷嘴内的一侧流出,不能(néng)形成完整的保护圈。

二、焊接材料的影响

1 焊丝不干净,焊丝表面有(yǒu)铁锈、油污、水将直接促使焊缝内产生大量的气孔。

2 焊丝型号的影响不能(néng)用(yòng)埋弧焊焊丝代替手工钨极氢弧焊焊丝,否则会产生断续或者连续状的气孔。

三、母材材质的影响

1.板材或管材质量的影响:板材或管材中若有(yǒu)夹层, 夹层中的杂质会促使气孔缺陷的产生。

2 钢种的影响:沸腾钢 ( 氧含量 大、杂质多(duō) ) 不能(néng)用(yòng)氩弧焊焊接。

四、钨极的影响

1钨极端部的影响钨极端部不尖,電(diàn)弧漂移不稳定, 破坏氩气的保护區(qū), 使熔池金属氧化产生气孔。

2 引弧时電(diàn)弧上爬造成保护不好 当用(yòng)高频引弧的设备时, 刚引弧时钨极端部温度低,不具备足够的热发射電(diàn)子能(néng)力, 電(diàn)子容易从有(yǒu)氧化膜的地方发射, 沿電(diàn)极上爬寻找有(yǒu)氧化物(wù)的地方发射, 此 时造成電(diàn)弧拉長(cháng), 氩气对熔池的保护效果变差, 当钨极的温度上升后, 電(diàn)子便从 钨极的前端发射, 電(diàn)弧弧長(cháng)相应变短。这时只要把钨极表面上氧化物(wù)打磨干净就可(kě)以排除。

五、焊接工艺的影响

1 坡口清理(lǐ)坡口面以及坡口两侧各10mm 范围都要打磨干净, 避免焊接时電(diàn)弧产生的磁性把熔池附近的铁锈吸入熔池。

2 焊接電(diàn)流的影响焊接電(diàn)流太小(xiǎo), 電(diàn)弧不稳定, 電(diàn)弧在钨极的端部不规则地漂移, 破坏保护區(qū)。焊接電(diàn)流太大, 電(diàn)弧对气流产生扰乱作用(yòng),保护效果变差。

3焊接速度的影响焊接速度过快, 由于空气阻力对保护气流 的影响, 氩气气流会弯曲, 偏离電(diàn)极中心和熔池, 对熔池和電(diàn)弧保护不好。

4 熄弧弧方法的影响熄弧时采用(yòng)衰减電(diàn)流或加焊丝、把電(diàn)弧带到坡口侧并压低電(diàn)弧的熄弧方法,不 要突然停弧造成高温的熔池脱离氩气流的有(yǒu)效保护,避免弧坑出现气孔或缩孔。

5 钨极伸出長(cháng)的影响钨极伸出長(cháng)太長(cháng), 氢气对電(diàn)弧和熔池的保护效果变差。

引起手工钨极氩弧焊焊接时产生气孔的因素固然较多(duō), 但是, 只要了解了氩弧焊的特点, 并根据实际情况逐一排查影响因素, 排除所有(yǒu)引起氩弧焊时焊缝产生气孔的因素, 就能(néng)够在实际生产中提高焊接质量。